#2

Draw the atomic structure of a sodium atom and 

a sodium ion....

Explain why you draw it this way.

Picture of a sodium atom! (:

The electronic configuration of sodium is 2.8.1 due to the number of it's protons; 11. The number of electrons and protons is the same! 

As the 'rules' say. A maximum of 2 electrons can be contained in the first shell. A maximum of 8 in the 2nd and so on. However as shown in the picture above, there's an 'extra' 1 electron in the 3rd shell. 

What will happen to that 1 extra electron will be explained in the following..

And this is a Sodium ion

So yup, the third shell was kinda 'taken away' because the last valence electron was given out. And as I mentioned before, an atom becomes positively charged when it gives away electrons. As for this case, one electron is given out, so sodium ion has a charge of +1. The electronic configuration becomes (2.8) as it has gained stability by giving away it's one valence electron.